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Review Article:
Epidemiology of Q fever in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis for estimating serological and molecular prevalence
Zary Nokhodian, Awat Feizi, Behrooz Ataei, Shervin Ghaffari Hoseini, Ehsan Mostafavi
J Res Med Sci
2017, 22:121 (28 November 2017)
DOI
:10.4103/jrms.JRMS_586_17
PMID
:29259632
Background:
Q fever is endemic in Iran, thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on epidemiology of
Coxiella burnetii
among humans and animals in Iran.
Materials and Methods:
A systematic search was performed to identify all articles reporting
C. burnetii
prevalence in Iranian humans or animals, published from January 2000 to January 2015. Data from articles were extracted, and a pooled estimate of prevalence with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using random effect method.
Results:
In this review, 27 papers were identified. The pooled seroprevalence of Q fever in animals was 27% (CI 95%: 23%–32%). The prevalence was 33% (CI 95%: 22%–45%) in goats, 27% (CI 95%: 21%–32%) in sheep, and 17% (CI 95%: 5%–28%) in cattle. The bacterial DNA was detected in 5% (95% CI: 3%–9%) of milk samples, and it was higher in cattle (10%; 95% CI: 6%–16%) than sheep (2%; 95% CI: 0–7%) and goats (4%; 95% CI: 0–12%).
Conclusion:
C. burnetii
DNA or its antibody has been frequently detected among ruminants. Since these animals can transmit the infection to humans, Q fever could be a potential health problem in Iran.
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